Harald loe search for more papers by this author harald loe search for more. Bacteriology of experimental gingivitis in children. Abstract gingival recession is the term that designates the oral exposure of the root surface due to a displacement of the gingival margin apical to the cementenamel junction. Stannous fluoride toothpastes reduce the gingival index. Unlimited viewing of the articlechapter pdf and any associated supplements and figures.
The alcohol content of some mouthwashes has been the cause for some concern. Gingival index score showed increased gingival inflammation in removable partial denture wearers which is in agreement with previously reported study by samir a qudah. Lack of attached gingiva previously called a mucogingival defect h. Although the gingival index and sulcus bleeding index have been widely used as.
Five categories, using a 04 scale, score the marginal and papillary gingival tissue based on color, texture, edema, and spontaneous bleeding see table 22. Gingival index definition of gingival index by medical. Automated segmentation of gingival diseases from oral images. Efficacy of turmeric in gingival massaging and adjunct to. Non surgical periodontal therapy includes localized or generalized scaling and root planing, the use of antimicrobials and ongoing periodontal maintenance. Periodontal disease should be measured using loss of attachment, not pocket depth. A case of a 19yearold male presenting with maxillary and mandibular chronic inflammatory gingival enlargement associated with prolonged orthodontic therapy is reported here. Each of the buccal, mesial, lingual and distal surfaces of the gingival tissues is given a score of 03.
Plaque index pii described by silness p and loe h in 1964. Thirty healthy, nonflossing adults with at least one. The gingival index loe and silness, 1963 was created for the. Gingival index article about gingival index by the free.
Full text is available as a scanned copy of the original print version. An index is an expression of the clinical observation in a numerical value. Free gingival grafts for implants exhibiting lack of. Therefore, the gingival index score includes both visual color and contour of. The gingival tissue forms a crevice surrounding the tooth, similar to a miniature, fluidfilled moat, wherein food debris, endogenous and exogenous cells, and chemicals float. Gingival bleeding index article about gingival bleeding. The aim of this study was to compare the ability of finalyear turkish dental students and dentists to assess the level of gingival health status by using the development of ability to assess gingival status daags computer program. Gingival grafting, also called gum grafting or periodontal plastic surgery, is a generic term for the performance of any of a number of periodontal surgical procedures in which the gum tissue is grafted. It is the most common and undesirable condition of the gingiva. The width of km, the level of mucosal margin, pocket depths, plaque index, and gingival index gi were assessed at. There are a large number of gingival indices used in current clinical practice. Gingivitis, which is prevalent in a large proportion of the child and adult populations, is an inflammatory lesion of the gingival tissues, which usually precedes periodontitis. Download scientific diagram gingival index of loe and silness from publication. Age in years gingival index classification 15 16 17 n % n % n % healthy gingivae 30 3.
The gums may bleed spontaneously or following oral hygiene procedures or eating. The number of sites where bleeding is recorded is divided by. Therefore, it is more effective to change behavior through the route of behavior itself than through the route of knowledge. The gingival index, the plaque index and the retention index systems. Bleeding may result from anticoagulants and drug interactions which increase the bleeding time. After baseline examination, 14 subjects in the experimental group received fggs followed by oral prophylaxis and 14 subjects in the control group received oral prophylaxis only. Several gingival indices have been proposed in literature, all of which have. The gingival index is used in dental care to evaluate the extent of gum disease. Provides practical, stepbystep coverage of the key elements in diagnosis, case planning, preparation, restorations, and. This index measures the thickness of plaque on the gingival one third. Gingival bleeding is an uncommon adverse effect, but some drugs may directly or indirectly cause bleeding gums. Gingival sulcus bleedinga leading symptom in initial gingivitis.
The risk of gingival enlargement odds ratio associated with diltiazem therapy, adjusted for gingival index values, was 3. Percentages were calculated with respect to the total number of images in the columns dataset. Each tooth present is gently probed with a periodontal probe at six sites mesial, mid, and distal on both buccal and lingual surfaces. Relationship of periodontal disease and estor r ations illingsf vi. This index can help dentists create a care plan for patients and explain the extent of gingival disease in an understandable manner. The interface between a tooth and the surrounding gingival tissue is a dynamic structure. Chronic inflammatory gingival enlargement associated with. A film of plaque adhering to the free gingival margin and adjacent area of the. Gingival bleeding index percent reduction from baseline to week 6 for overall and all subregions overall anterior posterior interproximalposterior interproximal 48. Plaque index pli which was introduced by silness and loe in 1964. Used together with gi, and should be preceded the gingival examination. Efficacy, safety and patient preference of knotted floss.
Gingival margin level gingival recession or nonrecession d. Use the link below to share a fulltext version of this article with your friends and colleagues. With nonsurgical periodontal therapy, many patients can be treated and maintained without the need for surgical intervention. Gingival enlargement, also synonymous with the terms gingival hyperplasia or hypertrophy, is defined as an abnormal overgrowth of gingival tissues. Several gingival indices have been proposed in literature, all of which have relied on. Clinical attachment loss same as clinical attachment level e. Damage to tissues occurs due to an interaction of specific bacterial and hosts factors bimstein, et al. The reliability of several of the indices has been tested. Gingival gum enlargement, also known as gingival hyperplasia or hypertrophy, is an abnormal overgrowth of gingival tissues. Relationship of bleeding on probing and gingival index. Comparison of gingival index and sulcus bleeding index as. A dental professional uses visual analysis to rate the gingival tissue surrounding each tooth on a scale of one to four, with four representing significant periodontal disease.
A healthier approach to esthetic restorations provides a realworld approach to healthier supragingival minimally invasive restorations, as an alternative to more invasive mechanically retained restorations, such as full crowns. The aim may be to cover exposed root surfaces or merely to. Like an index in a book, it is a list in which each entry contains the name of the item and its location. There are several causes of gingival enlargement and they can be grouped into four categories.
Surgical therapy was carried out to provide a good. Introduction dental index or indices are devices to find out the incidence, prevalence and severity of the disease, based on which preventive programs can be adopted. Recently, charruel and colleagues investigated the gingival line angle gla asymmetry between the right and left sides from the frontal perspective only. Get a printable copy pdf file of the complete article 1.
Correlation of oral health of children with acute leukemia during the induction. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the efficacy and safety of the knotted floss kf technique with respect to plaque biofilm accumulation, gingival inflammation, bleeding, trauma, and patient preference when used in type i gingival embrasures, in a crossovercomparison with a conventional flossing cf technique. The depth of this crevice, known as a sulcus, is in a constant state of flux due to microbial invasion. Gingival index financial definition of gingival index. The purpose of this clinical study was to evaluate the association between bop and gi bleeding scores of 2 and 3, as well as the relationship. Advantages it is unique among indices used for the assessment of plaque because of the coronal extent of plaque on the tooth surface area and assesses only the. A comparison of the effects of a powered and manual. Numerous gingival indices exist to assess inflammation. However, computerbased indexes may point to a physical location on a disk or to a logical location that points elsewhere to the actual location. The journal of clinical dentistry has been accepted for inclusion on medline, the biosis, scisearch, biomed and embase databases, and the automatic subject citation alert. Epidemiology and indices of gingival and periodontal disease. Abstract bleeding on probing bop and the gingival index have been used to clinically characterize the degree of gingival inflammation.
Efficacy of turmeric in gingival massaging and adjunct to scaling and root planing in chronic periodontitis patient the safety and scientific validity of this study is the responsibility of the study sponsor and investigators. Pocket depth measurements were made as explained by. As described in more detail below, the takehome message is that, yes, snf toothpaste is more effective in reducing the gingival index than sodium fluoride naf toothpaste. Turkish dental students and dentists ability to assess. The modified gingival index mgi uses a visual scale to assess gingival health. The incidence of sites that developed gingival index scores of 2 in children was less than.
Gingivitis, which is prevalent in a large proportion of the child and adult populations, is an inflammatory lesion of the gingival tissues, which usually precedes. The corresponding figures for verapamil were 21 and 36% not different from controls. A method of recording the clinical severity of gingival inflammation. Fortyeight students in their final year of dental education and 240 dentists participated in daags tests in which they judged twentyfour photos. Gingival periodontal index free download as powerpoint presentation. Gingival enlargement an overview sciencedirect topics.
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